Examples

This section provides comprehensive examples showing how to use graphene-django-extras in real-world scenarios. These examples demonstrate queries, mutations, filtering, pagination, and directives working together.

Sample Application Setup

Let's start with a blog application to demonstrate the features:

models.pyserializers.pytypes.pymutations.pyfiltersets.pyschema.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)
    description = models.TextField(blank=True)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Tag(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    color = models.CharField(max_length=7, default="#000000")  # Hex color

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Post(models.Model):
    STATUS_CHOICES = [
        ('draft', 'Draft'),
        ('published', 'Published'),
        ('archived', 'Archived'),
    ]

    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)
    content = models.TextField()
    excerpt = models.TextField(blank=True)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default='draft')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='posts')
    tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tag, blank=True, related_name='posts')
    featured_image = models.ImageField(upload_to='posts/', blank=True)
    view_count = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    published_at = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-created_at']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Comment(models.Model):
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='comments')
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = models.TextField()
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    is_approved = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['created_at']

    def __str__(self):
        return f"Comment by {self.author.username} on {self.post.title}"

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    bio = models.TextField(blank=True)
    avatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='avatars/', blank=True)
    website = models.URLField(blank=True)
    location = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    birth_date = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True)
    social_links = models.JSONField(default=dict, blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.user.username}'s Profile"

from rest_framework import serializers
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from .models import Category, Tag, Post, Comment, UserProfile

class UserProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        fields = ['bio', 'avatar', 'website', 'location', 'birth_date', 'social_links']

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    password = serializers.CharField(write_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['username', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'password']

    def create(self, validated_data):
        password = validated_data.pop('password')
        user = User(**validated_data)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save()
        return user

class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Category
        fields = ['name', 'slug', 'description']

class TagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Tag
        fields = ['name', 'color']

class PostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Post
        fields = [
            'title', 'slug', 'content', 'excerpt', 'status',
            'category', 'tags', 'featured_image'
        ]

class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ['content', 'parent']

from graphene_django_extras import (
    DjangoObjectType, DjangoListObjectType, DjangoSerializerType
)
from graphene_django_extras.paginations import (
    LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination, PageGraphqlPagination
)
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from .models import Category, Tag, Post, Comment, UserProfile
from .serializers import (
    UserSerializer, CategorySerializer, TagSerializer, 
    PostSerializer, CommentSerializer
)
from .filtersets import PostFilterSet, UserFilterSet

# Basic Object Types
class UserType(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        description = "User type with basic information"
        filter_fields = {
            'username': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'email': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'first_name': ('icontains',),
            'last_name': ('icontains',),
            'is_active': ('exact',),
            'date_joined': ('exact', 'gte', 'lte'),
        }

class CategoryType(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Category
        description = "Blog category"
        filter_fields = {
            'name': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'slug': ('exact',),
        }

class TagType(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Tag
        description = "Post tag"
        filter_fields = ['name', 'color']

class UserProfileType(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = UserProfile
        description = "Extended user profile information"

class CommentType(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        description = "Post comment"
        filter_fields = {
            'author__username': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'is_approved': ('exact',),
            'created_at': ('exact', 'gte', 'lte'),
        }

class PostType(DjangoObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Post
        description = "Blog post with full content and metadata"
        filter_fields = {
            'title': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'status': ('exact',),
            'author__username': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'category__name': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'tags__name': ('exact', 'icontains'),
            'created_at': ('exact', 'gte', 'lte'),
            'published_at': ('exact', 'gte', 'lte'),
        }

# List Object Types with Pagination
class PostListType(DjangoListObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Post
        description = "Paginated list of blog posts"
        pagination = LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination(
            default_limit=10,
            max_limit=50,
            ordering="-published_at"
        )
        filterset_class = PostFilterSet

class UserListType(DjangoListObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        description = "Paginated list of users"
        pagination = PageGraphqlPagination(
            page_size=20,
            page_size_query_param="pageSize"
        )
        filterset_class = UserFilterSet

class CommentListType(DjangoListObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        description = "Paginated list of comments"
        pagination = LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination(default_limit=25)

# Serializer Types for CRUD Operations
class UserSerializerType(DjangoSerializerType):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = UserSerializer
        description = "User operations with serializer validation"
        pagination = LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination(default_limit=25)
        filterset_class = UserFilterSet

class PostSerializerType(DjangoSerializerType):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = PostSerializer
        description = "Post operations with serializer validation"
        pagination = LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination(default_limit=10)
        filterset_class = PostFilterSet

from graphene_django_extras import DjangoSerializerMutation
from .serializers import (
    UserSerializer, CategorySerializer, TagSerializer,
    PostSerializer, CommentSerializer
)

class UserMutation(DjangoSerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = UserSerializer
        description = "User CRUD operations"
        nested_fields = {
            'profile': UserProfileSerializer
        }

class CategoryMutation(DjangoSerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = CategorySerializer
        description = "Category CRUD operations"

class TagMutation(DjangoSerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = TagSerializer
        description = "Tag CRUD operations"

class PostMutation(DjangoSerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = PostSerializer
        description = "Post CRUD operations"
        exclude_fields = ('view_count',)  # Don't allow direct manipulation

class CommentMutation(DjangoSerializerMutation):
    class Meta:
        serializer_class = CommentSerializer
        description = "Comment CRUD operations"

import django_filters
from django_filters import FilterSet, filters
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models import Q
from .models import Post, Category, Tag

class UserFilterSet(FilterSet):
    # Custom name search across first_name and last_name
    name = filters.CharFilter(method='filter_name', label='Name')

    # Date joined ranges
    joined_after = filters.DateFilter(field_name='date_joined', lookup_expr='gte')
    joined_before = filters.DateFilter(field_name='date_joined', lookup_expr='lte')

    # User type filter
    user_type = filters.ChoiceFilter(
        choices=[('staff', 'Staff'), ('regular', 'Regular'), ('superuser', 'Superuser')],
        method='filter_user_type'
    )

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = {
            'username': ['exact', 'icontains'],
            'email': ['exact', 'icontains'],
            'is_active': ['exact'],
        }

    def filter_name(self, queryset, name, value):
        return queryset.filter(
            Q(first_name__icontains=value) | Q(last_name__icontains=value)
        )

    def filter_user_type(self, queryset, name, value):
        if value == 'staff':
            return queryset.filter(is_staff=True, is_superuser=False)
        elif value == 'regular':
            return queryset.filter(is_staff=False, is_superuser=False)
        elif value == 'superuser':
            return queryset.filter(is_superuser=True)
        return queryset

class PostFilterSet(FilterSet):
    # Content search across title and content
    search = filters.CharFilter(method='filter_search', label='Search')

    # Date ranges
    created_after = filters.DateFilter(field_name='created_at', lookup_expr='gte')
    created_before = filters.DateFilter(field_name='created_at', lookup_expr='lte')
    published_after = filters.DateFilter(field_name='published_at', lookup_expr='gte')
    published_before = filters.DateFilter(field_name='published_at', lookup_expr='lte')

    # Multiple categories
    categories = filters.ModelMultipleChoiceFilter(
        field_name='category',
        queryset=Category.objects.all()
    )

    # Multiple tags
    tags = filters.ModelMultipleChoiceFilter(
        field_name='tags',
        queryset=Tag.objects.all()
    )

    # View count ranges
    min_views = filters.NumberFilter(field_name='view_count', lookup_expr='gte')
    max_views = filters.NumberFilter(field_name='view_count', lookup_expr='lte')

    class Meta:
        model = Post
        fields = {
            'status': ['exact'],
            'author__username': ['exact', 'icontains'],
        }

    def filter_search(self, queryset, name, value):
        return queryset.filter(
            Q(title__icontains=value) | 
            Q(content__icontains=value) |
            Q(excerpt__icontains=value)
        )

import graphene
from graphene_django_extras import (
    DjangoObjectField, DjangoFilterListField, 
    DjangoFilterPaginateListField, DjangoListObjectField,
    all_directives
)
from .types import (
    UserType, CategoryType, TagType, PostType, CommentType,
    UserListType, PostListType, CommentListType,
    UserSerializerType, PostSerializerType
)
from .mutations import (
    UserMutation, CategoryMutation, TagMutation,
    PostMutation, CommentMutation
)

class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
    # Single object queries
    user = DjangoObjectField(UserType, description="Get a single user")
    post = DjangoObjectField(PostType, description="Get a single post")
    category = DjangoObjectField(CategoryType, description="Get a single category")
    tag = DjangoObjectField(TagType, description="Get a single tag")
    comment = DjangoObjectField(CommentType, description="Get a single comment")

    # List queries with different approaches
    all_posts = DjangoListObjectField(PostListType, description="All posts with pagination")
    all_users = DjangoListObjectField(UserListType, description="All users with pagination")
    all_comments = DjangoListObjectField(CommentListType, description="All comments with pagination")

    # Filter-only lists (no pagination)
    posts = DjangoFilterListField(PostType, description="Filter posts without pagination")
    users = DjangoFilterListField(UserType, description="Filter users without pagination")
    categories = DjangoFilterListField(CategoryType, description="All categories")
    tags = DjangoFilterListField(TagType, description="All tags")

    # Filtered and paginated lists
    posts_paginated = DjangoFilterPaginateListField(
        PostType,
        pagination=LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination(default_limit=10),
        description="Posts with filtering and pagination"
    )

    # Serializer-based queries
    user_serializer, users_serializer = UserSerializerType.QueryFields()
    post_serializer, posts_serializer = PostSerializerType.QueryFields()

class Mutation(graphene.ObjectType):
    # User mutations
    create_user, delete_user, update_user = UserMutation.MutationFields()

    # Category mutations
    create_category, delete_category, update_category = CategoryMutation.MutationFields()

    # Tag mutations  
    create_tag, delete_tag, update_tag = TagMutation.MutationFields()

    # Post mutations
    create_post, delete_post, update_post = PostMutation.MutationFields()

    # Comment mutations
    create_comment, delete_comment, update_comment = CommentMutation.MutationFields()

schema = graphene.Schema(
    query=Query, 
    mutation=Mutation,
    directives=all_directives
)

Query Examples

Now let's explore various query examples using our blog application:

Basic Object Queries

Get Single PostResponse

query GetPost($id: ID!) {
  post(id: $id) {
    id
    title
    slug
    content
    status
    viewCount
    createdAt
    author {
      id
      username
      firstName
      lastName
      profile {
        bio
        avatar
        location
      }
    }
    category {
      id
      name
      slug
      description
    }
    tags {
      id
      name
      color
    }
    comments {
      id
      content
      author {
        username
      }
      createdAt
      isApproved
      parent {
        id
        content
      }
    }
  }
}

{
  "data": {
    "post": {
      "id": "1",
      "title": "Getting Started with GraphQL and Django",
      "slug": "getting-started-graphql-django",
      "content": "GraphQL is a powerful query language...",
      "status": "published",
      "viewCount": 1245,
      "createdAt": "2023-12-01T10:30:00",
      "author": {
        "id": "1",
        "username": "john_doe",
        "firstName": "John",
        "lastName": "Doe",
        "profile": {
          "bio": "Full-stack developer passionate about GraphQL",
          "avatar": "/media/avatars/john.jpg",
          "location": "San Francisco, CA"
        }
      },
      "category": {
        "id": "1",
        "name": "Technology",
        "slug": "technology",
        "description": "Latest in tech trends and tutorials"
      },
      "tags": [
        {
          "id": "1",
          "name": "GraphQL",
          "color": "#e10098"
        },
        {
          "id": "2", 
          "name": "Django",
          "color": "#092e20"
        }
      ],
      "comments": [
        {
          "id": "1",
          "content": "Great tutorial! Very helpful.",
          "author": {
            "username": "reader1"
          },
          "createdAt": "2023-12-01T14:20:00",
          "isApproved": true,
          "parent": null
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Filtered Lists

Filter Posts by Category and StatusSearch PostsFilter by Multiple Tags

query GetTechPosts {
  posts(
    status: "published",
    category_Name: "Technology",
    createdAt_Gte: "2023-01-01"
  ) {
    id
    title
    excerpt
    author {
      username
    }
    createdAt
    viewCount
  }
}

query SearchPosts($searchTerm: String!) {
  allPosts(
    search: $searchTerm,
    status: "published",
    limit: 10,
    ordering: "-view_count"
  ) {
    results {
      id
      title
      excerpt
      viewCount
      author {
        username
      }
      category {
        name
      }
    }
    count
  }
}

query GetPostsByTags {
  allPosts(
    tags: ["1", "3", "5"],  # GraphQL, React, Python
    status: "published",
    limit: 20
  ) {
    results {
      id
      title
      tags {
        name
        color
      }
    }
    count
  }
}

Paginated Queries

Limit/Offset PaginationPage-Based Pagination

query GetPostsPaginated($limit: Int!, $offset: Int!) {
  allPosts(
    limit: $limit,
    offset: $offset,
    status: "published",
    ordering: "-published_at"
  ) {
    results {
      id
      title
      excerpt
      publishedAt
      author {
        username
      }
      category {
        name
      }
      viewCount
    }
    count
  }
}

query GetUsersPage($page: Int!, $pageSize: Int) {
  allUsers(page: $page, pageSize: $pageSize, isActive: true) {
    results {
      id
      username
      firstName
      lastName
      email
      dateJoined
      profile {
        location
        website
      }
    }
    count
  }
}

Complex Filtering

Advanced Post SearchVariables

query AdvancedPostSearch(
  $search: String,
  $categories: [ID!],
  $tags: [ID!],
  $authorName: String,
  $minViews: Int,
  $publishedAfter: Date,
  $publishedBefore: Date
) {
  allPosts(
    search: $search,
    categories: $categories,
    tags: $tags,
    author_Username_Icontains: $authorName,
    minViews: $minViews,
    publishedAfter: $publishedAfter,
    publishedBefore: $publishedBefore,
    status: "published",
    limit: 20,
    ordering: "-published_at"
  ) {
    results {
      id
      title
      excerpt
      publishedAt
      viewCount
      author {
        username
        firstName
        lastName
      }
      category {
        name
        slug
      }
      tags {
        name
        color
      }
    }
    count
  }
}

{
  "search": "GraphQL Django",
  "categories": ["1", "2"],
  "tags": ["1", "3"],
  "authorName": "john",
  "minViews": 100,
  "publishedAfter": "2023-01-01",
  "publishedBefore": "2023-12-31"
}

Mutation Examples

Creating Records

Create User with ProfileVariablesCreate PostVariables

mutation CreateUserWithProfile($userData: UserInput!, $profileData: UserProfileInput!) {
  createUser(newUser: $userData, profile: $profileData) {
    ok
    user {
      id
      username
      email
      firstName
      lastName
      profile {
        bio
        location
        website
      }
    }
    errors {
      field
      messages
    }
  }
}

{
  "userData": {
    "username": "newuser123",
    "email": "newuser@example.com",
    "firstName": "Jane",
    "lastName": "Smith",
    "password": "securePassword123"
  },
  "profileData": {
    "bio": "I'm a web developer passionate about modern technologies",
    "location": "New York, NY",
    "website": "https://janesmith.dev"
  }
}

mutation CreatePost($postData: PostInput!) {
  createPost(newPost: $postData) {
    ok
    post {
      id
      title
      slug
      content
      status
      author {
        username
      }
      category {
        name
      }
      tags {
        name
      }
    }
    errors {
      field
      messages
    }
  }
}

{
  "postData": {
    "title": "Advanced GraphQL Techniques",
    "slug": "advanced-graphql-techniques",
    "content": "In this post, we'll explore advanced GraphQL patterns...",
    "excerpt": "Learn advanced GraphQL patterns and best practices",
    "status": "draft",
    "category": "1",
    "tags": ["1", "2", "3"]
  }
}

Updating Records

Update PostVariables

mutation UpdatePost($postData: PostInput!) {
  updatePost(newPost: $postData) {
    ok
    post {
      id
      title
      content
      status
      updatedAt
    }
    errors {
      field
      messages
    }
  }
}

{
  "postData": {
    "id": "1",
    "title": "Advanced GraphQL Techniques - Updated",
    "content": "Updated content with new examples...",
    "status": "published"
  }
}

File Uploads

Update User Avatar

mutation UpdateUserAvatar($userId: ID!, $avatar: Upload!) {
  updateUser(newUser: {id: $userId, profile: {avatar: $avatar}}) {
    ok
    user {
      id
      username
      profile {
        avatar
      }
    }
    errors {
      field
      messages
    }
  }
}

Error Handling

Validation Error Example

{
  "data": {
    "createPost": {
      "ok": false,
      "post": null,
      "errors": [
        {
          "field": "title",
          "messages": ["This field is required."]
        },
        {
          "field": "slug",
          "messages": ["Post with this slug already exists."]
        },
        {
          "field": "category",
          "messages": ["This field is required."]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Using GraphQL Directives

String Formatting

Format Post ContentResponse

query GetPostFormatted {
  post(id: "1") {
    title @uppercase
    excerpt @capitalize
    author {
      username @titleCase
      email @lowercase
    }
    content @strip
  }
}

{
  "data": {
    "post": {
      "title": "GETTING STARTED WITH GRAPHQL AND DJANGO",
      "excerpt": "Learn the basics of integrating graphql with django",
      "author": {
        "username": "John Doe",
        "email": "john@example.com"
      },
      "content": "GraphQL is a powerful query language for APIs..."
    }
  }
}

Number Formatting

Format View CountResponse

query GetPostStats {
  posts(limit: 5) {
    id
    title
    viewCount @number(format: "en-US")
    createdAt @date(format: "YYYY-MM-DD")
  }
}

{
  "data": {
    "posts": [
      {
        "id": "1",
        "title": "Getting Started with GraphQL",
        "viewCount": "1,245",
        "createdAt": "2023-12-01"
      },
      {
        "id": "2", 
        "title": "Advanced Django Techniques",
        "viewCount": "892",
        "createdAt": "2023-11-28"
      }
    ]
  }
}

Date Formatting

Format Dates

query GetPostDates {
  post(id: "1") {
    title
    createdAt @date(format: "MMMM DD, YYYY")
    publishedAt @date(format: "DD/MM/YYYY HH:mm")
    updatedAt @date(format: "relative")
  }
}

Frontend Integration Examples

React with Apollo Client

Posts List ComponentCreate Post Form

import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { gql, useQuery } from '@apollo/client';

const GET_POSTS = gql`
  query GetPosts(
    $limit: Int!,
    $offset: Int!,
    $search: String,
    $category: String,
    $status: String
  ) {
    allPosts(
      limit: $limit,
      offset: $offset,
      search: $search,
      category_Name: $category,
      status: $status,
      ordering: "-published_at"
    ) {
      results {
        id
        title
        excerpt
        publishedAt @date(format: "MMMM DD, YYYY")
        viewCount @number(format: "en-US")
        author {
          username
          profile {
            avatar
          }
        }
        category {
          name
          slug
        }
        tags {
          name
          color
        }
      }
      count
    }
  }
`;

function PostsList() {
  const [filters, setFilters] = useState({
    search: '',
    category: '',
    status: 'published'
  });
  const [pagination, setPagination] = useState({
    page: 0,
    limit: 10
  });

  const { loading, error, data, refetch } = useQuery(GET_POSTS, {
    variables: {
      ...filters,
      limit: pagination.limit,
      offset: pagination.page * pagination.limit
    }
  });

  const handleSearch = (searchTerm) => {
    setFilters(prev => ({ ...prev, search: searchTerm }));
    setPagination(prev => ({ ...prev, page: 0 }));
  };

  const handlePageChange = (newPage) => {
    setPagination(prev => ({ ...prev, page: newPage }));
  };

  if (loading) return <div>Loading posts...</div>;
  if (error) return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;

  const posts = data?.allPosts?.results || [];
  const totalCount = data?.allPosts?.count || 0;
  const totalPages = Math.ceil(totalCount / pagination.limit);

  return (
    <div className="posts-list">
      {/* Search and Filters */}
      <div className="filters">
        <input
          type="text"
          placeholder="Search posts..."
          value={filters.search}
          onChange={(e) => handleSearch(e.target.value)}
        />
        <select
          value={filters.category}
          onChange={(e) => setFilters(prev => ({ 
            ...prev, 
            category: e.target.value 
          }))}
        >
          <option value="">All Categories</option>
          <option value="Technology">Technology</option>
          <option value="Design">Design</option>
        </select>
      </div>

      {/* Posts Grid */}
      <div className="posts-grid">
        {posts.map(post => (
          <article key={post.id} className="post-card">
            <h2>{post.title}</h2>
            <p>{post.excerpt}</p>
            <div className="post-meta">
              <span>By {post.author.username}</span>
              <span>{post.publishedAt}</span>
              <span>{post.viewCount} views</span>
            </div>
            <div className="post-tags">
              {post.tags.map(tag => (
                <span 
                  key={tag.name} 
                  style={{ color: tag.color }}
                >
                  #{tag.name}
                </span>
              ))}
            </div>
          </article>
        ))}
      </div>

      {/* Pagination */}
      <div className="pagination">
        <button 
          disabled={pagination.page === 0}
          onClick={() => handlePageChange(pagination.page - 1)}
        >
          Previous
        </button>

        <span>
          Page {pagination.page + 1} of {totalPages}
        </span>

        <button 
          disabled={pagination.page >= totalPages - 1}
          onClick={() => handlePageChange(pagination.page + 1)}
        >
          Next
        </button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

export default PostsList;

import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { gql, useMutation, useQuery } from '@apollo/client';

const CREATE_POST = gql`
  mutation CreatePost($postData: PostInput!) {
    createPost(newPost: $postData) {
      ok
      post {
        id
        title
        slug
        status
      }
      errors {
        field
        messages
      }
    }
  }
`;

const GET_CATEGORIES_AND_TAGS = gql`
  query GetCategoriesAndTags {
    categories {
      id
      name
    }
    tags {
      id
      name
      color
    }
  }
`;

function CreatePostForm() {
  const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
    title: '',
    slug: '',
    content: '',
    excerpt: '',
    status: 'draft',
    category: '',
    tags: []
  });

  const { data: optionsData } = useQuery(GET_CATEGORIES_AND_TAGS);
  const [createPost, { loading, error }] = useMutation(CREATE_POST);

  const handleSubmit = async (e) => {
    e.preventDefault();

    try {
      const result = await createPost({
        variables: { postData: formData }
      });

      if (result.data.createPost.ok) {
        alert('Post created successfully!');
        // Reset form or redirect
      } else {
        // Handle validation errors
        console.error('Validation errors:', result.data.createPost.errors);
      }
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('Mutation error:', err);
    }
  };

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="create-post-form">
      <div className="form-group">
        <label>Title</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          value={formData.title}
          onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({
            ...prev,
            title: e.target.value,
            slug: e.target.value.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/g, '-')
          }))}
          required
        />
      </div>

      <div className="form-group">
        <label>Slug</label>
        <input
          type="text"
          value={formData.slug}
          onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({
            ...prev,
            slug: e.target.value
          }))}
          required
        />
      </div>

      <div className="form-group">
        <label>Content</label>
        <textarea
          value={formData.content}
          onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({
            ...prev,
            content: e.target.value
          }))}
          rows={10}
          required
        />
      </div>

      <div className="form-group">
        <label>Category</label>
        <select
          value={formData.category}
          onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({
            ...prev,
            category: e.target.value
          }))}
          required
        >
          <option value="">Select Category</option>
          {optionsData?.categories?.map(category => (
            <option key={category.id} value={category.id}>
              {category.name}
            </option>
          ))}
        </select>
      </div>

      <div className="form-group">
        <label>Status</label>
        <select
          value={formData.status}
          onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({
            ...prev,
            status: e.target.value
          }))}
        >
          <option value="draft">Draft</option>
          <option value="published">Published</option>
        </select>
      </div>

      <button 
        type="submit" 
        disabled={loading}
        className="submit-button"
      >
        {loading ? 'Creating...' : 'Create Post'}
      </button>

      {error && (
        <div className="error-message">
          Error: {error.message}
        </div>
      )}
    </form>
  );
}

export default CreatePostForm;

Performance Tips

Database Optimization

Efficient Queries with select_relatedCustom Resolver Optimization

class PostListType(DjangoListObjectType):
    class Meta:
        model = Post
        pagination = LimitOffsetGraphqlPagination(default_limit=10)

    @classmethod
    def get_queryset(cls, queryset, info):
        return queryset.select_related(
            'author', 'author__profile', 'category'
        ).prefetch_related(
            'tags', 'comments__author'
        )

class Query(graphene.ObjectType):
    popular_posts = DjangoFilterListField(PostType)

    def resolve_popular_posts(self, info, **kwargs):
        return Post.objects.filter(
            status='published',
            view_count__gte=100
        ).select_related(
            'author', 'category'
        ).prefetch_related(
            'tags'
        ).order_by('-view_count')

These comprehensive examples demonstrate the full power of graphene-django-extras in building feature-rich GraphQL APIs with Django. The combination of filtering, pagination, mutations, and directives provides a robust foundation for modern web applications.